Preamble
We the Peoples persons humans of the United States
North America how ever within the Planet Earth, in
order to form a more perfect union, establish justice,
insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common
defense, promote the general welfare, and secure
the blessing of liberty to ourselves and our posterity,
do ordain and establish the Constitution of the United
States of America for PEACE AND GOOD WILL to Planet
Earth Constitution.
Article I.
Sect. 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall
be vested in a Congress of the United States, which
shall consist of a Senate and a Houseof Representatives.
Sect. 2. The House of Representatives shall be
composed of members chosen every second year by the
people of the several states, and the electors in
each state shall have the qualifications requisite for
electors of the most numerous branch of the
state legislature. No person, or human shall be
a representative who shall not have attained
to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven
years a citizen of the United States, and who shall
not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state
in which he or her shall be chosen. Representative
and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the
several states which may be included within
this Union, according to their respective numbers,
which shall be determined by adding to the whole
number of free persons, including those bound to
service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not
taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The
actual enumeration shall be made within three
years after the first meeting of the Congress
of the United States, and within every subsequent
term of ten years in such manner as they shall be
law direct. The number of representative
shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand,
but each state shall have at least one representative;
and until such enumeration shall be made, the state
of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three,
Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence
Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six,
New-Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one,
Maryland six, Virginia ten, North-Carolina five,
South- Carolina five, and Georgia three. When
vacancies happen in the representation from any
state, the Executive authority thereof shall issue
writs of election to fill such vacancies.
The House of Representatives shall choose the
Speaker and other officers; and shall have the
sole power of impeachment.
Sect. 3. The Senate of the United States shall
be composed of two senators from each state chosen
by the legislature thereof, for six years and each
senator shall have one vote. Immediately after
they shall be assembled in consequence of the
first election, they hall be divided as
equally as may be into three classes. The
seats of the senators of the first class shall
be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of
the second class at the expiration of the fourth
year, and of the third class at the expiration of
the sixth year, so that one-third may be chosen
every second year; and if vacancies happen by
resignation, or otherwise during the recess of
the legislature of any state, the Executive thereof
may make temporary appointments until the next
meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill
such vacancies. No person shall be a senator who
shall not have attained to the age of thirty years,
and been nine years a citizen of the United States,
who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of
that state for which he or her shall be chosen.
The Vice-President of the United States shall
be President of the Senate, but shall have no
vote unless they be equally divided. The Senate
shall choose their other officers, and also a
President protempore, in the absence of the
Vice-President, or when he or her shall exercise
the office of President of the United
States. The Senate shall have the sole power
to try all impeachments. When sitting for that
purpose, they shall be on oath or affirmation.
When the President of the United States is tried,
the Chief Justice shall preside: And no person shall
be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds
of the members present. Judgement in cases of
impeachment shall not extend further than to
removal from office and disqualification to hold
and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit
under the United States; but the party convicted
shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment,
trial, judgment and punishment, according to law.
Sect. 4. The times, places and manner of holding
elections for senators and representatives, shall
be prescribed in each state by the legislature
thereof: but the Congress may at any time by
law make or alter such regulations, except as
to the places of choosing Senators.
The Congress shall assemble at least once in
every year, and such meeting shall be on the
first Monday in December, unless they shall
be law appoint a different day.
Sect. 5. Each house shall be the judge of the
elections, returns and qualifications of its
own members, and a majority of each shall
constitute a quorum to do business; but a
smaller number may adjourn from day to day,
and may be authorized to compel the attendance
of absent members, in such manner, and under
such penalties as each house may provide. Each
house may determine the rules of its proceedings,
punish its members for disorderly behaviour, and
with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member.
Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings,
and from time to time publish the same, excepting
such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy;
and the yeas and nays of the members either house
on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth
of those present be entered on the journal. Neither
house, during the session of Congress shall, without
the consent of the other, adjourn for more than
three days, nor to any other place than that in which
the two houses shall be sitting.
Sect. 6. The senators and representatives shall receive a
compensation for their services, to be ascertained
by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United
States. They shall in all cases, except treason,
felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from
arrest during their attendance at the session of
their respective houses, and in going to and returning
from the same; and for any speech or debate in either
house, they shall not be questioned in any other place.
No senator or representative shall, during the time
for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil
office under the authority of the United States,
which shall have been created, or the emoluments
whereof shall have been increased during such
time; and no person holding any office under the
United States, shall be a member of either house
during his or her continuance in office.
Sect. 7. All bill for raising revenue shall
originate in the house of representative; but the
senate may propose or concur with amendments as
on other bills. Every bill which shall have passed
the house of representatives and the senate,
shall, before it become a law, be presented to
the president of the United States; if he or her
approve he or her shall sign it, but if not he or
her shall return it, with his objections to that
house in which it shall have originated, who
shall enter the objections at large on their
journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after
such reconsideration two-thirds of that house
shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent,
together with the objections, to the other house,
by which is shall likewise be reconsidered,
and if approved by two-thirds of that house, it
shall become a law. But in all such cases the
votes of both houses shall be determined
by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons
voting for and against the bill shall be entered
on the journal of each house respectively.
If any bill shall not be returned by the
President within ten days (Sundays excepted)
after it shall have been presented to him or her,
the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he
or her had signed it, unless the Congress by
their adjournment prevent its return, in which
case it shall not be a law. Every order,
resolution, or vote to which the concurrence
of the Senate and House of Representative may
be necessary (except on a question of adjournment)
shall be presented to the President of the United
States; and before the same shall take effect,
shall be approved by him or her, or being
disapproved by him or her, shall be reposed
by two-thirds of the Senate and House of
Representatives, according to the rules and
limitations prescribed in the case of a bill.
Sect. 8. The Congress shall have power To lay
and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises,
to pay the debts and provide for the common
defense and general welfare of the United
States; but all duties, imposts and excises
shall be uniform throughout the United States.
To borrow money on the credit of the United
States; To regulate commerce with
foreign nations, and among the several states,
and with the Indian tribes; To establish an
uniform rule of naturalization, and niform laws
on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the
United States; To coin money, regulate the value
thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard
of weights and measures; To provide for the
punishment of counterfeiting the securities and
current coin of the United States; To establish
post offices and post roads; To promote the
progress of science and useful arts, by securing
for limited times to authors and inventors the
exclusive right to their respective writings and
discoveries; To constitute tribunals inferior
to the supreme court; To define and punish
piracies and felonies committed on the high seas,
and offences against the law of nations; To
declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal,
and make rules concerning captures on land
and water; To raise and support armies, but
no appropriation of money to that use shall
be for a longer term than two years; To provide
and maintain a navy; To make rules for the
government and regulation of the land and naval
forces; To provide for calling forth the
militia to execute the laws of the union,
suppress insurrections and repel invasions.;
To provide for organizing, arming, and
disciplining, the militia, and for governing
such part of them as may be employed in the service
of the United States, reserving to the
States respectively, the appointment of the
officers, and the authority of training the militia
according to the discipline prescribed by
Congress; To exercise exclusive legislation in
all cases whatsoever, over such district (not
exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession
of particular States, and the acceptance of Congress,
become the seat of the government of the United
States, and to exercise like authority over all
places purchased by the consent of the legislature
of the states in which the same shall be, for the
erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards,
and other needful buildings; -And To make all laws
which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into
execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers
vested by the Constitution in the government of the
United States, or in any department or officer thereof.
Sect. 9. The migration or importation of such
persons or human as any of the states now existing
shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited
by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight
hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed
on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for
each person or human. The privilege of the
writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended,
unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion
the public safety require it. No bill of attainder
or ex post facto law shall be passed. No capitation,
or other direct, tax shall be laid, unless in proportion
to the census or enumeration herein before directed to be
taken. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported
from any state. No preference shall be given by any
regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one
state over those of another: nor shall vessels bound
to, or from, one state, be obliged to enter, clear,
or pay duties in another. No money shall be drawn
from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations
made by law; and a regular statement and account of
the receipts and expenditures of all public money
shall be published from time to time. No title
of nobility shall be granted by the United States:
--And no person holding any office of profit or trust
under them, shall, without the consent of the
Congress, accept of any present, emolument,
office, or title, of any kind whatever, from any
king, prince, or foreign state.
Sect. 10. No state shall enter into any treaty,
alliance, or confederation; grant letters of
marque and reprisal; coin money; emitbills
of credit; make any thing but gold and silver
coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any
bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law
impairing the obligation of contracts, or
grant any title of nobility. No state shall,
without the consent of the Congress, lay any
imposts or duties on imports or exports, except
what may be absolutely necessary for executing
its inspection laws; and the net produce of
all duties and imposts, laid by any state
on imports or exports, shall be for the use of
the Treasury of the United States; all such
laws shall be subject to the revision and
control of the Congress. No state shall,
without the consent of Congress, lay any
duty of tonnage, keep troops, or ships
of war in time of peace, enter into any
agreement or compact with another state,
or with a foreign power, or engage in war,
unless actually invaded, or in such
imminent danger as will not admit of delay.
Article II.
Sect. 1. The executive power shall be vested
in a president of the United States of America.
He or her shall hold his or her office during
the term of four years, and, together with the
vice-president, chosen for the same term, be
elected as follows. Each state shall appoint,
in such manner as the legislature thereof may
direct, a number of electors, equal to the
whole number of senators and representatives
to which the state may be entitled in the
Congress: but no senator or representative,
or person holding an office of trust or profit under
the United States, shall be appointed an elector.
The electors shall meet in their respective states,
and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one
at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same state
with themselves. And they shall make a list
of all the persons voted for, and of the number
of votes for each; which list they shall sign
and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the
government of the United States, directed to the
president of the senate. The president of the
senate shall, in the presence of the senate
and house of representatives, open all the
certificates, and the votes shall then be
counted. The person or human having the
greatest number of votes shall be the
president, if such number be a majority
of the whole number of electors appointed; and if
there be more than one who have such majority,
and have am equal number of electors appointed;
and if there be more than one who have such
majority, and have an equal number of
votes, then the house of representatives shall
immediately choose by ballot one of them for
president; and if no person or human have a
majority, then from the five highest on the
list the said house shall in like manner choose
the president. But in choosing the president,
the votes shall be taken by states, the representation
from each state having one vote; a quorum for this
purpose shall consist of a member or members from
two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the
states shall be necessary to a choice. In every case,
after choice of the president, the person having
the greatest number of votes of the electors shall
be the vice-president. But if there should
remain two or more who have equal votes, the senate
shall choose from themby ballot the vice-president.
The Congress may determine the time of the choosing
the electors, and the day on which they shall give
their votes; which day shall be the same throughout
the United States. No person or human except a
natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United
States, at the time of the adoption of this
constitution, shall be eligible to the office
of president; neither shall any person be eligible
to that office who shall not have attained to the
age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen
years a resident within the United States.
In case of the removal of the president from
office, or his death, resignation, or inability
to discharge the powers and duties of the said
office, the same shall devolve on the vice-president,
and the Congress may by law provide for the case of
removal, death, resignation or inability, both of
the president and vice-president, declaring what officer shall
then act as president, and such officer shall act
accordingly, until the disability be removed, or
a president be elected. The president shall, at
stated times, receive for his services, a compensation,
which shall neither he or she encreased nor diminished
during the period for which he shall have been elected,
and he shall not receive within that period any
other emolument from the United States, or any of
them. Before his or her enter on the execution of
his or her office, he or her shall take the following
oath or affirmation: "I do solemnly swear (or affirm)
that I will faithfully execute the office of president of
the United States, and will to the best of my
ability, preserve, protect and defend the constitution
of the United States."
Sect. 2. The president shall be commander in chief
of the army and navy of the United States, and of
the militia of the several States, when called into
the actual service of the United States; he may
require the opinion, in writing of the principal
officer in each of the executive departments,
upon any subject relating to the duties of
their respective offices, and he shall have
power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences
against the United States, except in cases
of impeachment. He shall have power, by and with
the advice and consent of the senate, to make
treaties, provided two-thirds of the senators
present concur; and he or she shall nominate,
and by and with the advice and consent of the
senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public
ministers and consuls, judges of the supreme court,
and all other officers of the United States, whose
appointments are not herein otherwise provided for,
and which shall be established by law. But the
Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior
officers, as they think proper, in the president
alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of
departments. The president shall have power to
fill up all vacancies that may happen during the
recess of the senate, by granting commissions which
shall expire at the end of their session.
Sect. 3. He or she shall from time to time give
to the Congress information of the state of the
union, and recommend to their consideration such
measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient;
he or she may, on extraordinary occasions, convene
both houses, or either of them, and in case of
disagreement between them, with respect to the time
of adjournment, he or her may adjourn them to
such time as he or her shall think proper; he
or her shall receive ambassaors and other public
ministers; he shall take care that the
laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission
all the officers of the United States.
Sect. 4. The president, vice-president and
all civil officers of the United States, shall be
removed from office onimpeachment for, and conviction
of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.
Article III.
Sect. 1. The judicial power of the United
States shall be vested in one Supreme Court,
and in such inferior courts as the Congress
may from time to time ordain and establish.
The judges, both of the Supreme and inferior
courts, shall hold their offices during good
behavior, and shall, at stated time, receive
for their services a compensation which shall
not be diminished during their continuance in office.
Sect. 2. The judicial power shall extend to
all cases, in law and equity, arising under
this Constitution, the laws of the United
States, and treaties made, or which shall
be made, under their authority; to all cases
affecting ambassadors, other public ministers,
and consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime
jurisdiction; to controversies to which the
United States shall be a party; to controversies
between two or more States, between a State
and citizens of another State, between citizens
of different States, between citizens of the
same State claiming lands under grants of
different States, and between a State or the
citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens,
or subjects.
2. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other
public ministers and consuls, and those in
which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court
shall have original jurisdiction. In all the
other cases before mentioned, the Supreme
Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both
as to law and fact, with such exceptions
and under such regulations as the Congress
shall make.
3. The trial of all crimes, except in cases
of impeachment, shall be by jury; and such trial
shall be held in the State where the said crimes
shall have been committed; but when not committed
within any State the trial shall be at such
place or places as the Congress may by law have directed.
Sect. 3.
1. Treason against the United States shall
consist only in levying war against them, or
in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid
and comfort. No person or human shall be
convicted of treason unless on the testimony
of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on
confession in open court.
2. The Congress shall have power to declare
the punishment of treason, but no attainder of
treason shall work corruption of blood, or
forfeiture except during the life of the
person attained.
Article IV.
Sect. 1. Full faith and credit shall be
given in each State to the public act, records,
and judicial proceedings of every other
State. And the Congress may, by general laws,
prescribe the manner in which such acts, records,
and proceedings shall be proved, and
the effect thereof.
Sect. 2.
1. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to
all privileges and immunities of citizens in the
several States.
2. A person or charged in any State with
treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee
from justice, and be found in another
State, shall, on demand of the executive authority
of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to
be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime.
3. No person or human held to service or labor
in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into
another, shall, in consequence of any law or
regulation therein, be discharged from such service
or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of
the party to whom such service or labor may be due.
Sect. 3.
1. New States may be admitted by the Congress into
this Union; but no new State shall be formed or
erected within the jurisdiction of any other State,
nor any State be formed by the junction of two or
more States, or parts of States, without the
consent of the legislatures of the States concerned
as well as of the Congress.
2. The Congress shall have power to dispose
of and make all needful rules and regulations
respecting the territory or other property belonging
to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution
shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims
of the United States, or of any particular State.
Sect. 4.
1. The United States shall guarantee to every
State in this Union a republican form of government,
and shall protect each of them against invasion;
and on application of the legislature, or of
the executive (when the legislature cannot be
convened), against domestic violence.
Article V.
1. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both
House shall deem it necessary, shall propose
amendments to this Constitution, or, on the
application of the legislatures of two-thirds
of the several States, shall call a convention
for proposing amendments, which, in either case,
shall be valid, to all intents and purposes,
as part of this Constitution, when ratified
by the legislatures of three-fourths of the
several States, or by conventions in
three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other
mode of ratification may be proposed by the
Congress; provided [that no amendment which may
be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred
and eight shall in any manner affect the first
and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the
first Article;] and that no State, without its
consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage
in the Senate.
Article VI.
Sect. 1. All debts contracted and engagements
entered into, before the adoption of this Constitution,
shall be as valid against the United States under
this Constitution, as under the Confederation.
Sect. 2. This Constitution, and the laws of the
United States which shall be made in pursuance
thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall
be made, under the authority of the United
States, shall be the supreme law of the land;
and the judges in every State shall be bound thereby,
anything in the constitution or laws of any
State to the contrary notwithstanding.
Sect. 3. The Senators and Representatives before
mentioned, and the members of the several State
legislatures, and all executive and judicial
officers, both of the United States and of the
several States, shall be bound, by oath or
affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no
religious test shall ever be required as a
qualification to any office or public trust
under the United States.
Article VII.
The ratification of the conventions of nine
States shall be sufficient for the establishment
of this Constitution between the States so
ratifying the same.
Done in Convention, by the unanimous consent
of the States present, the seventeenth day of
September, in the year of our Lord one thousand
seven hundred and eighty-seven, and
of the Independence of the United States
of America the twelfth. In Witness whereof,
we have hereunto subscribed our names.
Attest:William Jackson, Secretary NEW HAMPSHIRE
George Washington John Langdon
PRESIDENT AND DEPUTY FROM VIRGINIA Nicholas Gilman
MASSACHUSETTS NEW YORK
Nathaniel Gorham Alexander Hamilton
Rufus King
NEW JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA
William Livingston Benjamin Franklin
David Brearley Thomas Mifflin
William Paterson Robert Morris
Nonathan Dayton George Clymer
Thomas Fitzsimons
DELAWARE Jared Ingersoll
George Read James Wilson
John Dickinson Gouverneur Morris
Gunning Bedford, Jr
John Dickinson
Richard Bassett MARYLAND
Jacob Broom James McHenry
Dan of St. Thomas Jennifer
VIRGINIA Daniel Carroll
John Blair
James Madison, Jr.
NORTH CAROLINA
William Blount
SOUTH CAROLINA Richard Dobbs Spaight
John Rutledge Hugh Williamson
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
Charles Pinckney
Pierce Butler GEORIA
William Few
Abraham Baldwin
AMENDMENTS
1st Amendment
Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the
free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom
of speech, or abridging the freedom of any telecast,
telecommunication, by television of any peoples,
or of the press or print; or the right of the
people peaceably to assemble, and to petition
the government for a redress of grievances.
2nd Amendment
A well-regulated militia being necessary to
the security of a free state, the right of the
people to keep and bear arms or shake hands for
peace and good will ,and shall not be infringed,
unless a peoples use them wrongful, then the arms as
in guns or rockets will be taken away in
due process if any of the peoples use any part there
of in any unlawful wrongful ways.
3rd Amendment
No soldier or persons shall, in time of peace,
be quarters in any house, without the consent,
full writing of the owner; nor in time of war,
but in a manner to be prescribed by the law.
4th Amendment
The right of the people to be secure in their
peoples or persons, houses, papers, and effects,
against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall
not be violated; and no warrants shall issue,
but upon probable cause of good reasoning,
supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly
describing the place to be searched and the peoples
or persons or things to be seized.
5th Amendment
No people or person shall be held to
answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous,
crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of
a grand jury, except in cases arising in the
land or naval forces, or in the militia, when
in actual service, in time of war, or public danger;
nor shall any person be subject, for the same
offence, to be twice put in jeopardy of life
or limb or medical harms; nor shall be compelled, in any criminal case,
to be a witness against his self; nor be
deprived of life, liberty, or property, money,
without due process of law; nor shall private
property be taken for public use, without
just compensation.
6th Amendment
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused
shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public
trial within 90 days, by an impartial jury of
the state and district wherein the crime shall
have been committed, which district shall have
been previously ascertained by law; and to
be informed of the nature thereof and cause
of the accusation; to be confronted with the
witnesses against him; to have compulsory process
for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to
have the assistance of counsel for his defense.
7th Amendment
In suits at common law, where the value
in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars,
the right of trial by jury shall be preserved;
and no fact, tried by a jury, shall be otherwise
re-examined in any court of the United States
than according to the rules of the common law.
8th Amendment
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor
excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual
death punishment be inflicted, but equal inflicted punishment
will be granted within due process of the law.
9th Amendment
The enumeration in the Constitution of
certain rights shall not be construed to deny or
disparage others retained by the people.
10th Amendment
The powers not delegated to the United States
shall not be construed to extend to any suit
in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against
one of the United States by citizens of another
State or by citizens or subjects of any foreign state.
11th Amendment
The judicial power of the United States shall
not be construed to extend to any suit in law
or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one
of the United States by citizens of another
State or by citizens or subjects of any foreign
state or foreign country.
12th Amendment
The Electors shall meet in their respective
States, and vote by ballot for President and
Vice President, one of whom, at least, shall
not be an inhabitant of the same State with
themselves; they shall name in their ballots
the person or human voted for as President,
and in distinct ballots the person or human
voted for as Vice President; and they shall
make distinct lists of all persons or humans
voted for as President, and of all persons
or humans voted for as Vice President,
and of the number of votes for each, which
lists they shall sign, and certify, and transmit,
sealed, to the seat of the Government of
the United States, directed to the President
of the Senate; the President of the Senate shall,
in the presence of the Senate and the
House of Representatives, open all the
certificates, and the votes shall then be counted;
the person having the greatest number of votes
for President shall be the President, if such
number be a majority of the whole number of
Electors appointed; and if no person or human have
such a majority, then, from the persons or
humans having the highest numbers, not exceeding
three, on the list of those voted for a President,
the House of Representative shall choose
immediately, by ballot, the President. But in
choosing the President, the votes shall be taken
by States, the representation from each State
having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall
consist of a member or members from two-thirds
of the States, and a majority of all the States shall
be necessary to a choice. And if the House
of Representatives shall not choose a President,
whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon
them, before the fourth day of March next
following] the Vice President shall act as
President, as in case of death, or other
constitutional disability of the President.
The person or human having the greatest number
of votes as Vice President, shall be the Vice
President, if such number be a majority of the
whole number of Electors appointed; and if no
person or human have a majority, then, form
the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate
shall choose the Vice President; a quorum for the
purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole
number of Senators; a majority of the whole
number shall be necessary to a choice. But
no person or human constitutionally ineligible
to the office of President shall be eligible to
that of Vice-President of the United States.
13th Amendment
Sect. 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude,
except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party
shall have been duly convicted,
shall exist within the United States, or any place
subject to their jurisdiction.
Sect. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce
this article by appropriate legislation.
14th Amendment
Sect. 1. All persons born or naturalized
in the United States, and subject to the
jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the
United States and of the State wherein they
reside. No State shall make or enforce any
law which shall abridge the privileges or
ways of life or immunities of citizens of the
United States; nor shall any State deprive any
person of life, liberty, or property, without due
process of law, nor deny any person or human
within jurisdiction of north America the equal
protection of the laws that is use of the laws
within due process.
Sect. 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among
the several States according to their respective
numbers, counting the whole number of persons or
humans in each State, excluding Indians not taxed.
But when the right to vote at any election for the
choice of electors for President and Vice President
of the United States, Representatives in Congress,
the executive and judicial officers of a State, or
the members of the legislature thereof,
is denied to any of the male inhabitants of
such State, being twenty-one years of age, and
citizens of the United States, or in any way
abridged, except for participation in rebellion
or other crime, the basis of representation
therein shall be reduced in the proportion which
the number of such male and female citizens shall
bear to the whole number of male or female citizens
twenty-one years of age in such State.
Sect. 3. No person or human shall be a Senator
or Representative in Congress, or elector of
President and Vice President, or hold any office,
civil or military, under the United States, or
under any State, who, having previously taken an
oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer
of the United States, or as a member of any
State legislature, or as an executive
or judicial officer of any State, to support
the Constitution of the United States, shall have
engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the
same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies
thereof. But Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds
of each House, remove such disability.
Sect. 4. The validity of the public debt of the
United States, authorized by law, including debts
incurred for payment of pensions and
bounties for services in suppressing insurrection
or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But
neither the United States nor any State shall assume
or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid
of insurrection or rebellion against the United
States, or any claim for the loss of any servant of a
house without just compensation to the servant;
but all such debts, obligations, and claims
shall be held payable to the servant
or the servants family.
Sect. 5. The Congress shall have power to
enforce, by appropriate legislation, the
provisions of this article so long as the
servant be granted just compensation this
is reasable pay by moneys.
15th Amendment
Sect. 1. The right of citizens of the United
States to vote shall not be denied or abridged
by the United States or by any State
on account of race, color, sex, or previous
condition of servitude.
Sect. 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce
this article by appropriate legislation.
16th Amendment
The Congress shall have power to lay and
collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source
derived, without apportionment among
the several States and without regard to
any census or enumeration.
17th Amendment
The Senate of the United States shall be
composed of two Senators from each State,
elected by the people thereof, for six years;
and each Senator shall have one vote. The
electors in each State shall have the
qualifications requisite for electors
of the most numerous branch of the State
legislatures. When vacancies happen in the
representation of any State in the Senate,
the executive authority of such State shall
issue writs of election to fill such vacancies:
Provided, That the legislature of any State may
empower the executive thereof to make temporary
appointment until the people fill the
vacancies by election as the legislature
may direct. This amendment shall not be so
construed as to affect the election or
term of any Senator chosen before it becomes
valid as part of the Constitution.
18th Amendment
Sect. 1. After one year from the ratification
of this article the manufacture, sale or
transportation of intoxicating liquors within,
the importation thereof into, or the exportation
thereof from the United States and all territory
subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage
purposes is hereby prohibited.
Sect. 2. The Congress and the several States
shall have concurrent power to enforce this
article by appropriate legislation.
Sect. 3. This article shall be inoperative
unless it shall have been ratified as an
amendment to the Constitution by the
legislatures of the several States,
as provided in the Constitution,
within seven years of the date of the
submission hereof to the States
by Congress.
19th Amendment
The right of citizens of the United States to
vote shall not be denied or abridged by the
United States or by any State on account
of there sex.
Congress shall have power to enforce this
article by appropriate legislation.
20th Amendment
Sect. 1. The terms of the President and Vice
President shall end at noon on the 20th day of
January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives
at noon on the 3d day of January, of the
years in which such terms would have ended
if this article had not been ratified; and the
terms of their successors shall then begin.
Sect. 2. The Congress shall assemble at least
once in every years, and such meeting shall
begin at noon on the 3d day of January,
unless they shall by law appoint a different
day.
Sect. 3. If, at the time fixed for the beginning
of the term of the President, the President-elect
shall have died, the Vice President-elect shall
become President. If a President shall not
have been chosen before the time fixed for
the beginning of his term, or if the President-
elect shall have failed to qualify, then
the Vice President-elect shall act as President
until a President shall have qualified; and the
Congress may by law provide for the case wherein
neither a President-elect nor a Vice President-elect
shall have qualified, declaring who shall then
act as President, or the manner in which one who
is to act shall be selected, and such person or
human shall act accordingly until a President or Vice
President shall have qualified.
Sect. 4. The Congress may by law provide for
the case of the death of any of the persons or
humans from whom the House of Representatives
may choose a President whenever the right of choice
shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of
the death of any of the persons or humans from whom
the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the
right of choice shall have devolved upon them.
Sect. 5. Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on
the 15th day of October following the ratification
of this article.
Sect. 6. This article shall be inoperative
unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment
to the Constitution by three-fourths
of the several States within seven years from the
date of its submission.
21st Amendment
Sect. 1. The eighteenth article of amendment
to the Constitution of the United States is
hereby repealed.
Sect. 2. The transportation or importation
into any State, Territory, or possession of
the United States for delivery or use
therein of intoxicating liquors, or drugs
in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby
prohibited.
Sect. 3. This article shall be inoperative
unless it shall have been ratified as an
amendment to the Constitution by conventions
in the several States, as provided in the
Constitution, within seven years from the date
of the submission hereof to the States
by the Congress.
22nd Amendment
Sect. 1. No person or human shall be elected
to the office of the President more than twice,
and no person or human who has held the office
of President, or acted as President, for more
than two years of a term to which some other
person or human was elected President shall
be elected to the office of the President
more than once. But this Article shall not
apply to any person or human holding the
office of President when this
Article was proposed by the Congress, and shall
not prevent any person or human who may be
holding the office of President, or acting as
President, during the term within which
his Article becomes operative
from holding the office of President or
acting as President during the remainder of such term.
Sect. 2. This article shall be inoperative
unless it shall have been ratified as an
amendment to the Constitution by the
legislatures of three-fourths of the
several states within seven years from
the date of its submission to the States
by the Congress.
23rd Amendment
Sect. 1. The District constituting the
seat of Government of the United States
shall appoint in such manner as the
Congress may direct: A number of electors
of President and Vice President equal to the whole
number of Senators and Representative in
Congress to which the District
would be entitled if it were a State,
but in no event more than the least
populous State; they shall be considered,
for the purposes of the election
of President and Vice President, to be electors
appointed by a State; and they shall meet in
the District and perform such duties
as provided by the twelfth article of amendment.
Sect. 2. The Congress shall have power to
enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
24th Amendment
Sect. 1. The right of citizens of the United
States to vote in any primary or other election
for President or Vice President,
for electors for President or Vice President,
or for Senator or Representative in Congress,
shall not be denied or abridged by
the United States or any State by reason
of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.
Sect. 2.The Congress shall have power to
enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
25th Amendment
Sect. 1. In case of the removal of the President
from office or of his death or resignation, the
Vice President shall become President.
Sect. 2. Whenever there is a vacancy in the
office of the Vice President, the President
shall nominate a Vice President who shall take
office upon confirmation by a majority vote of
both Houses of Congress.
Sect. 3. Whenever the President transmits
to the President pro tempore of the Senate
and the Speakers of the House of
Representatives his written declaration
that he is unable to discharge the powers
and duties of his office, and until he transmits
to them a written declaration to the contrary,
such powers and duties shall be discharged by
the Vice President as Acting President.
Sect. 4. Whenever the Vice President and a
majority of either the principal officers of
the executive departments or of such other
body as Congress may by law provide, transmit
to the President pro tempore of the Senate
and the Speaker of the House of Representatives
their written declaration that the President
is unable to discharge the powers and duties
of his office, the Vice President shall
immediately assume the powers and duties
of the office as Acting President. Thereafter,
when the President transmits to the
President pro tempore of the Senate and
the Speaker of the House of Representatives
his written declaration that no inability exists, he
shall resume the powers and duties of his
office unless the Vice President and a majority
of either the principal officers of the
executive department or of such other body
as Congress may by law provide, transmit within
four days to the President pro tempore of the
Senate and the Speaker of the House of
Representatives their written declaration
that the President is unable to discharge the
powers and duties of his office. Thereupon
Congress shall decide the issue, assembling
within forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in
session. If the Congress, within twenty-one
days after Congress is required to assemble,
determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that
the President is unable to discharge the powers
and duties of his or her office, the Vice President
shall continue to discharge the same as Acting
President; otherwise, the President shall
resume the powers and duties of his or her office.
26th Amendment
Sect. 1. The right of citizens of the United States,
who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall
not be denied or abridged by the United States or
by any State on account of age.
Sect. 2. The Congress shall have the power to
enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
______________________________________
DISCLAIMER!
The information here is offered as peer support only. I assume no liability whatsoever for any consequences arising out your use of such information. By accessing such information you waive any and all right to any claims that might arise therefrom,
THIS IS A UPDATE VERSION OF UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION BASED FROM THE ORIGINAL CONTEXT ON THE DEMOCRACY OF THE UNITED STATES OF NORTH AMERICA.
THAT HAS BEEN WRITTEN BY PHILLIP K QUIETTE IN THE NINETEEN HUNDREDTH NINETY ONE YEAR OF THE LORD.
The file was released in 1991 as USA-NEW.EXE and/or USA-NEW.ZIP with USA-NEW.EXE inside the zip file. The file works in the following OS Microsoft DOS 3.3 through 6.21 an Windows 3.0, 3.10, 3.11 Windows for workgroups 3.11 Windows 95 First and Second release. It works with I.B.M. OS/2 V3.0, Warp 4.0, I.B.M. Warp Windows 3.1 PC DOS 2.1 through 6.1 and OS/2 DOSa. The file will not work with Windows 98 First and Second release, an not Windows 2000. Windows NT and NT sever unknown.
IT TAKES ALL OF US TO MAKE THIS ONE PLANT EARTH A BETTER PLACE TO LIVE OR WORK OR MAKE A DEFRANCE FOR A PERSONS LIFE.